The nanoKey Studio Owner's Manual E says:
Wireless method: Bluetooth low energy
Jacks: USB port (micro Type B)
Power supply: USB bus power supply or two AAA batteries (alkaline or nickel-metal hydride batteries)
Battery service life: Approx. 10 hours (when using alkaline
batteries: Battery life will vary depending
on the batteries used and on the conditions of use.)
Current consumption: 500 mA or less
500 mA is the maximum current consumption allowed by USB 2.0 ports (though many laptops and charger provide much more). The service reference manual for the BeagleBone says:
On the board is a single USB Type A female connector with full LS/FS/HS Host support that connects to USB1 on the processor. The port can provide power on/off control and up to 500mA of current at 5V. Under USB power, the board will not be able to supply the full 500mA, but should be sufficient to supply enough current for a lower power USB device supplying power between 50 to 100mA.
I actually believe that when the BeagleBone is powered via USB it should be able to provide more than 50 or 100mA assuming the host port is providing it more than that, but I am not 100% sure. I understand the nanoKey cnanot be powered from battery when used via USB:
When using the nanoKEY Studio with the mode switch set to “ ”(Battery), the batteries will become depleted, even with a USB connection. In addition, the nanoKEY Studio cannot be used as a USB-MIDI device, even if it is connected to a computer using a USB cable.
Can you try one of the following:
- power the BeagleBone from a USB port with more current. You could try connecting it to a phone charger with more than 1A current capability, then connect the USB device and see if it shuts down
- power the BeagleBone from the barrel jack with a 5V adapter (centre positive). See more details here https://learn.bela.io/using-bela/bela-techniques/powering-bela/