LeafDerekson don't know is how to write that WAV into the empty partition on the Bella SD card
you could resize the existing partition to fill up the whole SD card, see here.
LeafDerekson Does anyone know of any examples I could look to help me learn about this?
try the [writesf~] help file for Puredata. Making a unique filename deterministically is tricky. [makefilename] helps creating a formatted string, and so you could do something like this to generate a random filename, though this does not guarantee a 100% that you will not be overwriting an existing file:
[random 1000000]
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[makefilename myfile-%d.wav]
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[open $1(
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[writesf~]
To properly avoid overwriting an existing file you could use, e.g.: [soundfiler] to attempt opening the file , and monitor its last outlet (it will output something like [ 0 0 0 0 l ( in case the specified file does not exist, and something different if it does exist.